What is Sarcopenia - 1713 Words

Sarcopenia is a degenerative disease frequently associated with the age-related loss of muscle mass and strength. Risk of sarcopenia increases at a rate of 3-8% per decade after age 30 and continues to accelerate after the fifth decade of life (1, 616; 2, 1). Contributing factors of muscle degeneration include: sedentary lifestyle, malnutrition, reduced protein turnover rate, lowered insulin response, inflammatory changes, and decreased anabolic hormone production (3, 1073). Dietary protein is essential in order to build muscle and avoid loss of lean body mass (4, 686). Evidence indicates increased protein intake above the RDA of 0.8 g/kg per day in older adults will increase the anabolic response of muscle (3, 1073). High dietary protein†¦show more content†¦A recent study observed the effects of amino acid infusion and results showed greater protein synthesis and no change in protein breakdown; indicating increased amino acids are anabolic to muscle in healthy older adults (3, 1076). A moderate serving of a 113 gram serving of lean protein containing 30 grams of amino acids and 10 grams of essential amino acids increases muscle protein synthesis by approximately 50% in the older adult population (1, 621). Leucine is an essential amino acid recognized as particularly important for signaling and muscle building (3, 1077). Leucine is activated through the pathway of a kinase known as mTOR (3, 1078). Messenger ribonucleic acid translation, or mTOR, targets proteins involved in mRNA translation (3, 1078). Branched chain amino acid leucine with resistance exercise training is proposed to regenerates muscle and enhances anabolic pathways while inhibiting catabolic pathways (2, 6). Leucine is a direct stimulate for muscle protein synthesis through increasing messenger ribonucleic acid translation (3, 1077). Protein synthesis was fully restored when 46% leucine enriched bolus was distributed to a sample of older adults (2, 2). Leucine at levels of 26% (1.72 g leucine) and 41% (2.79 g leucine) bolus increased muscle strength in the young but only the 41% bolus of leucine essential amino acids was effective in older adults (1, 621). Leucine-enriched amino acids, with levels of leucineShow MoreRe latedGym Essay707 Words   |  3 PagesWhat Healthy Senior Women Are Up To At The Gym Many studies out there show the benefits of seniors making a regular trip to the gym. In fact, the older we get, the more we need to keep our muscles strong. Sarcopenia As the years go by, the muscular cells in our body waste away due to lack of use or by the damaging effects of free radicals, inflammation, and hormonal imbalance during menopause, or mitochondrial dysfunction. All together, these factors are called Sarcopenia, the natural weakeningRead MoreHealth Concerns On Elderly And Causes And Consequences Of Malnutrition : What Is Specific For Elderly?1314 Words   |  6 PagesNutritional concern in elderly causes consequences of malnutrition: What is specific for elderly? Universally, the number of older adults is growing faster than any other age group. Specifically, by 2030, individuals age 65 and over will be about one-fifth (1/5) of the U.S. population Energy requirements decline in the older adults because of the lower energy expended in physical activity and decreased basal metabolic rate. According to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2015-2020, the estimatedRead MoreTreatment For Age Related Diseases1496 Words   |  6 Pages2000). Therefore, identifying the elements and processes involved in muscle stem cell function is necessary in order to improve our methods of treatment for age-related diseases. 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Fried food is veryRead MoreCommon Knowledge That Fruit Is A Healthy Food Choice1224 Words   |  5 Pagesexample, pH 12 is 10 times more alkaline than pH 11 and is 100 times more alkaline than pH 10. C. Characteristics of Acids and Bases To better understand pH levels, it is essential to know the differences between an acid and a base or alkaline and what makes a food acidic or basic. Acids â€Å"taste sour, have a pH of less than 7, and will turn a pH strip red† (Science Geek). A neutral substance does not contain any of the characteristics of an acid or a base. It does not change the color of the pH stripRead MoreA Lifestyle : The Pros And Cons Essay1133 Words   |  5 Pagesgymnast and fitness coach, CrossFit now sweeps across the nation. The CrossFit workouts consist of functional movements that are performed at a high intensity. These movements are the best reflections of gymnastics, weightlifting, running, rowing etc. (what is CrossFit, 2016). 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